Objectives: 1. Describe the benefits and drawbacks of fixed dosing of 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate for warfarin reversal. 2. Recall the major issues in fixed dosing of 4-FPCC that consensus must be reached on before a protocol can be finalized.

Objectives: 1. Describe the causes of iatrogenic hyperchloremia 2. Recall the evidence behind available prevention strategies for each possible cause of iatrogenic hyperchloremia

Objectives: 1. Recall the possible drug-related causes of new fever in an ICU patient 2. Describe the role of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in the evaluation of new fever

Objectives: 1. Recall the different levels of evidence supporting the 11 guideline statements 2. Describe the role for albumin, isotonic saline, and balance electrolyte solutions as resuscitation fluids in critically ill patients

Objectives: 1. Recall which purge solution base fluids are commonly used and which are contraindicated. 2. Describe a possible pharmacologic treatment for device thrombosis.

Objectives: 1. Recall the risk factors for stress-related upper GI bleeding 2. Describe the recommended medication, dose, and route of administration for stress ulcer prophylaxis

Objectives: 1. Recall the diagnostic criteria for neuroleptic malignant syndrome 2. Describe the commonly used general and specific treatments for critically ill patients with NMS

Objectives: 1. Describe the 3 common pathogens that produce exotoxins which increase their virulence. 2. Recall the commonly recommended adjunctive antibiotics for toxin inhibition and their usual duration of therapy.

Objectives: 1. Describe the 5 microskills of the one minute preceptor technique 2. Recall the two opportunities to provide meaningful feedback to the learner when using the one minute preceptor technique

Objectives: 1. Recall the relative accuracy of the Cockcroft Gault formula with the 2021 race-free eGFR formulas published by NKF 2. Describe the rationale for using eGFR to make medication dose adjustment decisions

Objectives: 1. Describe the pathophysiology of mucus dysfunction in critically ill patients. 2. Recall the commonly used mucolytics and the evidence that supports their use.

Objectives: 1. Recall the evidence supporting melatonin use in ICU patients 2. Describe the benefits and risks of using dexmedetomidine over propofol for light sedation in the ICU